README Data Descriptor file Source - First author and Year identifier for each publication used. Full references can be found in both the main paper and the SI. Year - Year the source was published. Type - PR or DT (primary research or doctoral thesis) SourceNum - Tally of sources. StudyNumber - Tally of studies. EffectSizeNum - Tally of effect sizes. ControlHunted - Whether the control site was subject to low existing hunting pressure as is common with such studies pure controls often may not be feasible. Distance_to_settlement_TREATMENT - The distance to the nearest settlement as reported in the study (as this was infrequently published we used travel times based on site coordinates as a distance proxy). Distance_to_settlement_CONTROL - The distance to the nearest settlement as reported in the study (as this was infrequently published we used travel times based on site coordinates as a distance proxy). Country - As reported. Continent - As reported. LatDD_TREATMENT - Site coordinates extracted from the study text or where this was not published georeferenced from the published site maps. For a small number for studies this is NA, as this infomation was not reported and the authors could not be contacted or did reply but could not provide us with the coordinates. These coordinates were used to extract travel times and WDPA status. LongDD_TREATMENT - Site coordinates extracted from the study text or where this was not published georeferenced from the published site maps. For a small number for studies this is NA, as this infomation was not reported and the authors could not be contacted or did reply but could not provide us with the coordinates. These coordinates were used to extract travel times and WDPA status. LatDD_CONTROL - Site coordinates extracted from the study text or where this was not published georeferenced from the published site maps. For a small number for studies this is NA, as this infomation was not reported and the authors could not be contacted or did reply but could not provide us with the coordinates. These coordinates were used to extract travel times and WDPA status. LongDD_CONTROL - Site coordinates extracted from the study text or where this was not published georeferenced from the published site maps. For a small number for studies this is NA, as this infomation was not reported and the authors could not be contacted or did reply but could not provide us with the coordinates. These coordinates were used to extract travel times and WDPA status. Class - Species classification. Order - Species classification. Family - Species classification. Genus - Species classification. SpeciesC - Species common name. SpeciesL - Species latin name. Bodymass - Extracted from EltonTraits (converted to Kg). For genus level study identification average mass used, see SI. IUCN_status - extracted from https://www.iucnredlist.org/ . Trade_listed_as_threat - extracted from https://www.iucnredlist.org/ . IUCN_threat_specific - extracted from https://www.iucnredlist.org/ . IUCN_Use and trade - extracted from https://www.iucnredlist.org/ . IUCN_trend - extracted from https://www.iucnredlist.org/ . Guild - Species feeding guild, extracted from EltonTraits see SI for protocol. Trade_level - As reported in the study text. TP - Trade purpose as reported in the study text. Local_Protection - Whether the study reported local protection, i.e. effective on the ground enforcement, patrols etc. WDPA - Extracted and georefecnered site coordinates were cross referenced with the protected planet database to assess global protection. Method - Short summary of the methods used in the study. Density_units - Within study units used. SD_TREATMENT - the SD if given in the study or provided/calculated from authors. n_TREATMENT - the true sample size. Density_TREATMENT - Density given in the study. SD_given_TREATMENT - Is the SD given. 95_CI_TREATMENT - 95% CI if given Density_CONTROL - Density given in the study. SD_CONTROL - the SD if given in the study or provided/calculated from authors. n_CONTROL - the true sample size. SD_given_CONTROL - Is the SD given. 95_CI_CONTROL - 95% CI if given Logging - Are the sites logged. Agriculture - Are the sites subject to any form of cropping. Detectibility - Was a detection program or method applied, such as DISTANCE. Detect_method - Method if used.